Study of Treatment Options and Quality of Life in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Patients

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), a prevalent gastrointestinal disorder, is marked by the retrograde movement of gastric contents into the esophagus due to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction. This prospective observational study, conducted over six months at St. Philomena's Hospital, Bengaluru, aimed to evaluate the quality of life (QoL) in GERD patients and document treatment approaches. Using validated tools such as the GERD-Health-Related Quality of Life questionnaire (GERD-HRQoL) and the Psychological General Well-Being Index (PGWBI), the study examined 52 patients aged 18 and above. The findings revealed GERD significantly impairs physical, emotional, and social functioning. Heartburn, regurgitation, and psychological distress, including anxiety and depression, were prominent among participants. Comorbid conditions such as diabetes, hypertension, and hypothyroidism compounded the disease burden. Despite the efficacy of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) as the primary treatment, many patients expressed dissatisfaction with their overall health, highlighting the need for integrated management strategies. Lifestyle modifications, though essential, were inconsistently adopted, indicating gaps in patient adherence and education. Counseling sessions and educational materials demonstrated potential in improving patient understanding and behavior. The study emphasized the bidirectional relationship between psychological health and GERD symptoms, underscoring the necessity of holistic care. In conclusion, GERD's complex nature demands a multidisciplinary approach combining pharmacological treatments, lifestyle adjustments, and psychological support. Future research should focus on personalized therapies and comprehensive patient education to enhance treatment outcomes and QoL.