Estimation of vehicular emissions and PM2.5 – A case study in Madurai city

Air quality monitoring, as important as it is, is impeded by a shortage of monitoring stations in nations like India. This research takes a different approach of monitoring and estimating automobile emissions. This is a case study that is only have been used in Madurai at this juncture. The use of a portable electro-chemical sensor at pre-determined stationary and mobile points and routes has been employed. Then after, the measurements were compared to the estimated emission values. The observations and experimental studies demonstrated that highspeed vehicle movement reduces particulate matter concentrations, and that reducing congestion could be one way to address the rising emissions crisis. One reason for the preference for airconditioned cars and fast-moving vehicles, even if it is a two-wheeler, is the average temperature. Ironically, this has resulted in an increase in vehicle emissions. Vehicle emissions were estimated, and 2.5-micron particulate matter was observed and discussed. The recommended strategy was discovered to be in agreement with the computed estimates. The proposed methodology for developing a database with minimal personnel and instrumental setup can reliably compensate the lack of data availability given the lack of monitoring stations.