GC-MS Analysis and In Vitro Thrombolytic, Anti-hemolytic, Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Essential Oil of Citrus limetta Peel

Essential oils are oily liquids which contain many chemical constituents that act against various degenerative disorders. They are responsible for the fragrance and having different biological activities. In the present study, the fresh peel of Citrus limetta Risso were collected and subjected to hydrodistillation by using Clevenger apparatus. The identification of compounds present in the oil was carried out by GC-MS. From the GC-MS analysis it has been identified as 43 compounds were present in the essential oil. Out of these constituents, α– pinene, limonene, β-myrcene and hexadecane are some of the important terpenoids present in the oil sample. Even though they are presented in a small amount they are having many biological properties. Based on the literature survey the essential oil of C. limetta was assessed for its in vitro thrombolytic, anti-haemolytic and anti-inflammatory activities. In thrombolytic activity using clot lysis method, the essential oil was found to have significant thrombolytic effect showed a maximum effect of 72±1.17% at 100 μg/mL concentration. Concordantly, in anti-hemolytic activity the percentage of inhibition of C. limetta was found to be 76%. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using albumin denaturation. The essential oil showed mean inhibition of protein denaturation as 70%. The present exploration revealed that the essential oil of C. limetta possesses significant thrombolytic properties as well as anti-haemolytic and anti-inflammatory effects.