Gender and Ethnic Disparities in Receiving Socio-Enviromental Support for Enhancing Urban Survival Skills

This study aims to identify differences in social ecological support (institutions, families, local communities and virtual platforms) based on gender and ethnicity. In addition, this study also determines the predictors of social ecological support predictors (institutions, families, local communities and virtual platforms) on the survival (knowledge, skills, lifelong learning as well as values and creativity) of youth in the urban. This study uses stratified random sampling involving 2400 youths of various ethnicities in 6 zones of Kuala Lumpur City. The pilot study conducted showed that all items were at a high level of reliability with Cronbach Alpha values of 0.834 to 0.929 and eligible for use in the actual study. Study data were analyzed using Bilateral MANOVA analysis and multiple regressions. The findings of the study indicate that there are significant differences overall aspects in social ecological support based on gender. In addition, this study also found a significant interaction effect between gender and ethnicity in aspects of social ecological support. From the multiple regression analysis, this study found a significant contribution of several aspects in social ecological support to the survival of multi-ethnic youth in the Urban.