Preparation and Evaluation of Efavirenz Loaded Silver Nanoparticles

Acquired Immuno Deficiency (AIDS) is the disease caused because of HIV which causes over 2 million deaths. HAART is plan that includes combination of drugs to inhibit infection of HIV. Many HIV infected patients are presently treated with the help HAART because of these HIV develops resistance for these drugs, requiring to alteration of medication regimen and resulting addition in expenditure of treatment. Application of nanoparticles to antiviral therapy development is possible. Nanoparticles are particles having minimum one dimension smaller than 100 nm. Antiviral agents act through interfering with infection of virus especially during the process of attachment and entry. Theoretically, some metal analyzed for activity against virus. Newly few studies have come forth to exhibit that metal nanoparticles can be used as antiviral agent against HIV-1.Silver nanoparticles suppress infection of HIV-1 through blocking entry of virus especially the CD4 and gp120 interaction. Efavirenz is insoluble in water practically that causes poor bioavailability. Purpose of that study is to give additive effect as antiretroviral agent. Actuation of mechanism of Efavirenz is Non- Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NNRTI) class of anti-retroviral agents. Many publication reported useful advantage of nanoparticles of silver to modify performance i.e. pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic, safety and targeted delivery of nanoparticles prepared by different methods like chemical, biological method, physical method. Efavirenz loaded silver nanoparticles can gives additive effect and rapid action. Also from survey of literature it is observed that Efavirenz loaded nano sized particles of silver is best technique form management of AIDS as a antiretroviral agent.