Statistical Comparative Study Between Splenomegaly and Splenectomy in Thalassemia Patients

The spleen is a major lymphoid and blood filtration organ and is located in the left cranial abdomen .It is responsible for storing and removing erythrocyte form the blood as well as antigen surveillance of the blood and antibody production (Katcher, 1980).There are many factor effects on spleenand it’s role and control it’s function in the body and this can bethalassemia which is one of most a blood disorder passed down through families (inherited) in which the body makes an abnormal form or inadequate amount of hemoglobin (Hemoglobin is the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen) (Hameed, and Abbas, 2018).The disorder results in large numbers of red blood cells being destroyed, which leads to anemia (Casu, etal., 2018). There are many causes of thalassemia like inheriting abnormal and mutated genes involved in hemoglobin production from the parents, if one of the parent is a carrier for thalassemia, child may become a carrier of the disease, though child will not have any symptoms.(Prathyusha, et al ., 2019 ). As well there is some changes can occur like splenomegaly which grouped on the basis of the pathogenic mechanismwhich can be acute due to increase in function of spleen in some of condition or due massive splenomegaly due to parasitic infection incluedvisceral leishmaniasis (Shaheed and Faleh, 2018). Splenectomy causes an increased risk of sepsis due to encapsulated organisms (such as S. pneumoniae and Haemophilusinfluenzae).It has been found that the risk of acquiring sepsis is 10 to 20 times higher in a splenectomized patient compared to a non-splenectomized patient, which can result in death, especially in young children but in some condition the splenectomy is usually considered a life-saving procedure in traumatized individuals, certain hematological disorders, malignant conditions, and for the sake of diagnostic purposes (Tahir , et al., 2020).