THE EVOLUTION OF CRIME SCENE INVESTIGATION : A 21 ST CENTURY PERSPECTIVE

This paper explores the evolution of Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) from traditional methods to advanced 21 st century techniques. Historically, CSI relied heavily on basic tools & manual processes, such as- fingerprint dusting & rudimentary chemical tests, which often resulted in limited accuracy & longer resolution times. With the advent of technological advancements, modern Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) has undergone a significant transformation. The integration of Digital forensics, DNA profiling, Forensic Nanotechnology, Crime scene reconstruction, Drone technology, Forensic Geolocation has revolutionized the field, allowing for more precise, efficient & comprehensive crime scene analyses. This paper examines the impact of innovations such as- High-resolution 3D scanning, Enhanced biometric systems & Real-time data analytics on investigative procedures. Furthermore, it delves into the role of Artificial Intelligence (AI) & Machine Learning (ML) in automating & refining evidence processing. The review also addresses the ethical & privacy concerns associated with these advanced techniques, emphasizing the need for balanced regulation. Through a detailed examination of current methodologies & case studies, this paper highlights how 21 st century advancements are not only enhancing the accuracy & reliability of Crime Scene Investigation (CSI) but are also shaping the future landscape of criminal investigations, ultimately contributing to improved justice delivery & public safety.